Learning Python - 4th Day (Morning - 1)

 Watched this tutorial: Click here

I have learnt about bitwise operators. 

They are:

•   ~ (Complement operator):  The work this operator does is to make the binary format of a number opposite.
   I know this seems to be complicated if you haven't still find it in your books. But Let me make it simple.
  Let's have an example:
  
  Python: 
  
  Input: ~32
  Output: -33
  
  I recommend you to watch this tutorial to learn how complement operators process a number.
• & (Bitwise And) : Works similarly like AND gate.
  If I take multiple numbers and try to apply (&) operator between them the system will give an output of (If both numbers are 1 then output is 1 but if both numbers are different then output will be smaller one.) Let me make it simple: 

>>> 1&0

0

>>> 1&1

1

>>> 0&0

0

>>> 12&13

12

>>> 12&12

12

>>> 13&12

12

>>> 13&13

13

>>> 1&0&1

0

• | (Bitwise Or) : Works similarly like (or) function but as an operator. If I put 12 or 13 as and input I am expecting to get one of the two numbers as output. 
• ^ (Bitwise XOR): This operator is simple. Let me explain:
  
  ----------------------------------------------
  || Input 1  ||  Input2 || XOR Output ||
  ||------------||-----------||------------------||
  ||      0        ||     1       ||          1             ||
  -----------------------------------------------
  ||      1        ||     0       ||          1             ||
  -----------------------------------------------
  ||      0        ||     0       ||          0             ||
  -----------------------------------------------
  ||      1        ||     1       ||          0             ||
  -----------------------------------------------
  
  Shortcut: Whenever both inputs are different, you get (1)
• << (Left shift) : Shift the binary format of a number to left.
  Example:
  
  Input:   10<<3
  Output: 80
  
  How this works?
  Ans:  First convert the Input you gave to binary format.
           In my case it is (10)  
           Binary format of (10) is  1010
           Same as:  1010.0000.....infinity
           Now you need to take a certain number of zeros from the right side of this binary format 
           push them to left. In my case I have selected (3). So I need to shift 3 zeros from right to left.
           So to corresponding output will be: 1010000.0.....infinity
           Now if I convert the output binary to decimal. It will be 80
• >> (Right Shift): Similar to left shift, but this time you need to push numbers from left to right.
  Example:
  
  Input: 10>>3
  Output: 1
  
  Binary of 10 is : 1010.0000.... infinity
  Right shift 3 numbers from it:   0001.01000....infinity
  Clean binary : 0001  or the decimal of this will be 1
  
  

Special thanks to Navin Reddy sir for teaching me these awesome courses for free! 

Learn more about bitwise operators here.